CNC milling machine processing accuracy
The processing accuracy of a CNC milling machine refers to the size and shape accuracy that the machine can achieve when processing workpieces. This is an important indicator for measuring machine performance and processing quality.
The following are several key aspects of CNC milling machine processing accuracy:
🔧 Dimensional Accuracy: This refers to the error between the actual processed size and the designed size. Common levels are as follows:
Accuracy level
General machining accuracy
誤差範圍 ±0.01 ~ ±0.05 mm
Precision Machining
誤差範圍 ±0.001 ~ ±0.005 mm
Ultra-precision machining
誤差範圍 ±0.0001 ~ ±0.001 mm
🔩 二、Repeatability refers to the accuracy of performing the same action multiple times. High-quality CNC milling machines can usually achieve ±0.001 mm or better. It is essential for batch processing.
📏 三、Surface roughness (Ra) Surface smoothness is related to the tool, material, and cutting parameters. Common values (Ra, μm): General processing: Ra 1.6~3.2 Precision processing: Ra 0.4~1.6 Ultra-precision processing or mirror surface: Ra 0.1 or less
🧭 四、Geometric Accuracy This includes: Straightness: the linear motion accuracy of the moving axis Verticality: the vertical error between the axes Parallelism, roundness, concentricity, etc. High-end CNC milling machines have automatic correction and compensation functions in geometric accuracy control.
🎛️ 五、Factors affecting machining accuracy Machine rigidity and structure Tool wear and quality Fixture accuracy and clamping method Temperature change (thermal expansion) Machining program setting (cutting parameters, path planning)
高階CNC銑床在幾何精度控制方面具有自動校正與補償功能
High-end CNC milling machines have automatic correction and compensation functions in geometric precision control
The processing accuracy of a CNC milling machine refers to the size and shape accuracy that the machine can achieve when processing workpieces. This is an important indicator for measuring machine performance and processing quality.
The following are several key aspects of CNC milling machine processing accuracy
🔧 一、Dimensional Accuracy refers to the error between the actual processed size and the designed size. Common grades are as follows:
精度等級
一般加工精度
±0.01 ~ ±0.05 mm
精密加工
±0.001 ~ ±0.005 mm
超精密加工加工誤差範圍
±0.0001 ~ ±0.001 mm
🔩 二、Repeatability refers to the accuracy of performing the same action multiple times. High-quality CNC milling machines can usually achieve ±0.001 mm or better. It is essential for batch processing.
📏 三、Surface roughness (Ra) Surface smoothness is related to tools, materials, and cutting parameters.
常見數值（Ra, μm）：
General processing: Ra 1.6~3.2 Precision processing: Ra 0.4~1.6 Ultra-precision processing or mirror surface: Ra 0.1 or less
🧭 四、Geometric Accuracy This includes: Straightness: the linear motion accuracy of the moving axis Verticality: the vertical error between the axes Parallelism, roundness, concentricity, etc. High-end CNC milling machines have automatic correction and compensation functions in geometric accuracy control.
🎛️ 五、Factors affecting machining accuracy Machine rigidity and structure Tool wear and quality Fixture accuracy and clamping method Temperature change (thermal expansion) Machining program setting (cutting parameters, path planning)
✅ Summary: Recommendations for selecting and evaluating the accuracy of CNC milling machines If you need general parts processing, an accuracy of ±0.01 mm is sufficient. If you are engaged in high-demand fields such as molds, aviation, and medical devices, you should choose a machine that can achieve an accuracy of ±0.001 mm or even higher. Regular calibration and the use of precision measuring tools (such as 3D measuring machines) are the key to maintaining processing accuracy.
If you have specific application or workpiece requirements, I can help you assess the required accuracy and machine specifications.
High-end CNC milling machines have automatic correction and compensation functions in geometric precision control. High-end CNC milling machines do have automatic correction and compensation functions in geometric precision control. This is a highlight in modern precision machining technology and plays a key role in improving overall machining accuracy, stability and production quality. The following is a detailed description of these functions:
🧠 Automatic calibration and compensation functions for high-end CNC milling machines
1️⃣ Geometric Error Compensation uses laser interferometer or ballbar test to measure the geometric error of the machine (such as straightness, verticality, position error, etc.). These error data are input into the control system, allowing the system to automatically correct the coordinate deviation during movement.
For example: When the XYZ axes are not vertical, the machine will automatically compensate for the deflection angle.
✅ Benefit: Even if there are slight errors in the machine body, high precision can be achieved through software compensation.
2️⃣ During the processing of the machine, spindle, screw and other parts, displacement errors will occur due to thermal expansion. High-end CNC machines are equipped with temperature sensors and thermal error models to detect and compensate for the impact of thermal deformation on processing accuracy in real time.
✅ Benefit: Maintaining dimensional stability during long-term processing is especially important for ultra-precision processing.
3️⃣ Spindle Thermal Growth Compensation When the spindle is running at high speed, it will heat up and produce axial displacement (such as movement in the Z-axis direction). The machine control system will predict the thermal expansion amount and automatically adjust the Z-axis position based on information such as spindle speed and temperature.
4️⃣ Automatic tool length and diameter compensation automatically measures the length and diameter of each tool through the tool setter. Automatically correct tool parameters before processing to avoid processing errors caused by manual input errors or tool changes.
5️⃣ Machine Self-Diagnosis & Calibration Some high-end CNC machine models (such as Mazak, DMG MORI, Makino, etc.) have a self-calibration function, which can perform regular geometric accuracy checks and automatic calibration. With an optical measuring instrument or contact sensor, the system can perform closed-loop correction.
🏭 Benefits in practical applications Function Practical benefits Geometry compensation Improves positioning accuracy and contour accuracy Temperature compensation Maintains dimensional stability when processing long working hours or large workpieces Tool compensation Ensures consistent dimensions during each tool change or multi-tool processing Automatic correction Reduces human errors and maintenance downtime If you are engaged in high-precision processing (such as molds, aviation, medical equipment), these compensation technologies can greatly improve processing quality and reduce the defective rate
If you want to know which brand of machine or which model has these functions, I can help you check and compare. Do you need me to help you find it?
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